GRADE 10 – 1st Periodical Tests – All Subjects with TOS

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What influence learning and student assessment

Within a social setting, learners create their knowledge and understandings. The student must actively train himself about the meaning of new information if he is to learn something new. Cultural viewpoints and existing knowledge influence new learning. The function of conceptual understanding has presented an intriguing conundrum for those hoping to escape the constraints of the outdated paradigm. Curriculum planners have also gone to the other extreme, stressing processes over content, since proficiency of subjects of study has historically involved at least some rote memorization. However, information facilitates new learning, which is a core finding of cognitive science.

Those who already have a body of information can think more deeply and elaborately while they learn, which will help them learn that knowledge more quickly. A domain’s knowledge includes facts, language, principles, basic relationships, well-known analogues and models, maxims, problem-solving techniques, and a schema for understanding when to utilize what.

Effective teaching and evaluation not only starts by eliciting prior knowledge and intuitions from students, but it also creates a community of practice where it is common for students to evaluate and challenge what they already believe. Ironically, a student’s knowledge base and cultural norms have an impact on the validity of attempts to measure prior knowledge. A pretest form of the intended end-of-unit exam or skills checklists are frequently used to assess past knowledge. Since most students won’t be able to translate between pretest vocabulary and their own intuitive knowledge acquired in other contexts, such approaches are likely to underestimate the relevant knowledge of all but the most competent students in the class.

Students’ initial conceptual understandings and the justifications for their explanations are more likely to be elicited through open debates or talks in a more cohesive manner. In order for students entering schools to exhibit their competence rather than coming across as lacking due to the teacher’s manner of questioning, it is essential that teachers become acquainted with pertinent perspectives and discourse patterns in varied communities.